The Days of Tax-Free Online Shopping May Be Over

Click and Pay a Little More: The Days of Tax-Free Online Shopping May Be Over - New York Times: There is something just a little icky about the concept that California is trying to make Borders pay taxes on online purchases. Ok, I understand the idea of collecting taxes in the state where there is a substantial physical presence (even Amazon does that, sorry people in WA), and yet... The article details the efforts by the 45 states that collect sales tax in the country and have been hungrily watching their "revenue" slip away due to Internet sales. Now they want to force companies to collect taxes regardles of the location of physical presence. Of course, land-based retailers are supporting this idea because they claim lack of taxes makes online purchases unfairly cheaper (excuse me, has anyone considered factoring in shipping costs and waiting time?). I have several issues with these ideas:

1. Land-based retailers are suffering from the same thing as the music and movie industries - too fat to be nimble and accept that online retailers are going to be competition so they will need to come up with new business models to stay viable (make the land-based shopping experience worth the money for example). Having to pay shipping and to wait for the item to arrive is a big downside to shopping online in some cases. Land-based retailers really should capitalize on that and maybe focus on developing better service models.

2. States should maybe reconsider spending time and tax-payers money on figuring out how to make their tax-payers pay more. I am not one to really argue what states should do with the taxes they collect - I am not qualified to argue, really, since I do not know the particulars of such activities, but there is one thing that worries me about this insistence on tax collection online:
a. smaller online e-tailers (non-Amazon places) may be unable to provide an infrastructure for broad tax collection and remittence processes, putting them at a further disadvantage in their ability to compete with larger online sellers. This would reduce the selection of products online and consumer choice, effectively limiting the very thing that makes Internet shopping so good.

b. Yes, Ms. Evans from Jupiter Research makes big statements like "It's not that big a deal to consumers,' she said. 'So there will be little loss." but I have a hard time believing it. For example, I have stopped purchasing things from REI.com since the company gained a physical presence in PA because now I would have to pay both sales tax and shipping costs. Instead, I was able to take my business to MountainGear.com. Granted Ms. Evans cites WalMart or Macy's as examples, but just how many people choose to shop there rather than at Buy.com? Personally, I think there is a market segment that will sit up and take notice of additional taxes if they are levied and this will hurt some online retailers, especially the smaller ones that bargain hunters prefer. Any time additional taxes are forced on consumers it simply means making consumers pay more for goods and services. I am not sure states have the right to reach that far (that just smacks of a weird kind of surveillance). Besides, what if I am currently living in one state and my credit card bill is registered to another state (where I normally live) and I am buying something to be shipped to a third state as a present. Just who gets my taxes then?

Using Your Cellphone Anywhere in the World

Using Your Cellphone Anywhere in the World - New York Times - the article details tips for US-based world travellers and their phones. While most of the tips in the article are very useful, the author overlooks several very important features of the phones:

1. If you are thinking of travelling in Europe with your new GSM phone, make sure it's a "quad-band" phone, allowing you the largest range of countries worldwide. This refers to different GSM-bands that your phone can cope with. For example, Motorola's Razr or V500 series are quad-band phones with the V500 being one of the more popular and affordable handsets.

2. Think SMS. While calling on your phone (without getting a local SIM card which is often useless if you plan to travel for less than a week or to more than one country in the course of a week for example), text messaging is rather affordable. I have discovered that text messaging works in Europe and some parts of Asia (at least Taiwan) and you can send them within the country and to the US as well. In countries outside the US, people are used to using SMS for communication and are sensitive to the fact that voice calls are more expensive, so they will usually easily accomodate the request to text more than call your phone. A single text message costs 50 cents to send and 0 to receive (if you have Cingular or T-Mobile service). Much more efficient and cheaper than the dollar a minute rate most carriers offer in Europe.

Cell phones as quarters or time cards?

From the CTIA Newswire: "Drivers lacking quarters in Coral Gables, Florida can now use their wireless phones to feed parking meters. The automated system allows drives to simply dial in from their wireless phones, enter the number assigned to their parking spot, and the required costs will be bill to their credit card. Subscribers call back and end the billing cycle when they leave. (Source: Associated Press)" - this one is a little odd - you have to "call back at the end of the billing cycle?" What if you forget? How do you know you've been overcharged? I wonder if you can specify the initial amount at the first phone call and then add more if necessary...

Also: "ECONZ Wireless product Timecard is a simple new tool available on Verizon Wireless phones that enhances productivity. Timecard allows remote employees to clock in and out using their wireless phones and then each entry is transmitted to a password-protected Web page accessed by employers to prepare payroll. Timecard is ideal for smaller companies whose employees would like to record their billable hours without resorting to payroll. The program costs $9.49 per month for each phone that comes equipped with it. (Source: Associated Press)"

Earthlink bids to build a city-wide wireless network for Philadelphia

From the CTIA Newswire: "According to a Dow Jones Newswire report, EarthLink has the potential to expand its markets through municipal governments, which are now eager to advance Wi-Fi access across their cities. EarthLink has struggled with losing consumers since moving away from dial-up access to faster broadband services, creating a decline in the company's dial-up business. In a search for growth, EarthLink is now focused on new technologies, including high-end services for wireless devices and Internet telephony. It has also studied alternative Internet-access technologies like service over wireless networks and power lines that could help free it from phone and cable companies. Through city governments EarthLink now has a chance to offer Internet services over large-scale alternative networks. EarthLink recently allotted 12 bids to the city of Philadelphia for a $10 million contract to build, run and maintain a city wide Wi-Fi network for residents, visitors, businesses and mobile government workers. (Source: Dow Jones Newswire)"

City-wide wireless networks make me wonder. First, there is the concern that such a network will impinge on the territory of other businesses (t-mobile's starbucks venues may be none too happy with such a development). Second, who is expected to use such a network and where? In the park? On the steps of the buildilngs in downtown? Third, just how far will this network extend. Fourth, how much will it cost to maintain and how will it pay for that?

Many companies that have tried to make a business out of wireless access offerings have had a hard time doing so. Especially in places that do not afford easy use of devices that can exploit such a network (i.e. coffee-shops work, public phones and park-benches do not). I am curious how the city of Philadelphia plans to maintain and use such a network and what kinds of returns it expects. After all, such a network can be used in households as well as on the street and in public areas, so such a service could be sold as an alternative to DSL and cable offerings, finally allowing customers to stop paying for extra services they do not wish to use (wirelines or cable TV). The question still remains, however, whether the integrity and reliability of such a network can be feasibly maintained and while earthlink maintains it, who gets the revenue?

BT Group Launches Bluephone

From the CTIA Newswire: "BT Group launched its combined wireline and wireless phone service, Bluephone, under the provider's BT Fusion brand. The handset operates as a wireless phone outside of the home and seamlessly switches onto a BT broadband line inside the house. The Bluephone promises better call quality and less expensive voice calls inside the home compared to using a conventional wireless phone. According to reports, the device is being monitored closely by other telecom providers around the world. (Source: Dow Jones Newswire)"

BT has been at the forefront of landline providers, attempting to merge wireline and wireless services. About a year or so ago, they offered ability to send and receive text messages on landline phones, acknowledging that this is an important practice among wireless phone users in the UK and wireline phone users may be disadvantaged (not to mention the idea that this may be profitable). I am not sure what happened with that service, but I suspect it didn't meet with much demand (I could be awefully wrong though). Now they are attempting to offer a service that will float between wireless and broadband services, providing better quality voice service and less expensive calls. However, such a machine is likely to be initially quite pricey so it's the quality of calls and not cheaper service that will attract initial buyers I suspect. Lets see whether the quality will really be that much better to attract enough buyers to make the system viable in the long run. Not so sure about that quite yet.

On a similar topic: "KDDI Corp. announced its proposal to merge its wireline and wireless networks, with the intent of providing seamless services. The company plans to start constructing the network in 2007 and is expected to offer services based on the network in 2009 or 2010. The benefit of a single network allows users to have a central data account that could potentially include email, streaming video or contact information, which they can access from their personal computer, wireless phone or a telephone console with a screen. In preparation for the new network, KDDI said it intended to upgrade its current 3G network in 2006. (Source: Reuters)"

The latter makes a lot of sense if you consider that the wireline phone provides all the same services as the wireless phone except it seems to work better inside buildings (and the infrustructure is more dependible). If the networks were to be merged, the social and economic reasons for keeping a wireline phone still may encourage users to keep the wireline. So... instead of trying to make the wireline go away (it probably won't), why not integrate it into a complete package with the rest of the "networked digital home".

WiFi coming to an airline near you

From the CTIA Newswire: "International Airlines Launch Onboard Wi-Fi Access
A year after German airline Lufthansa premiered onboard wireless Internet access on some flights, at least 8 other international airlines are following its lead. Japan Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, All Nippon Airways and Singapore Airlines have launched Wi-Fi service. Korean Air plans to launch onboard Wi-Fi access this summer. El Al, China and Asiana airlines will follow later this year. Business travelers are ideal customers since they like to stay productive, don't mind paying for convenience and usually travel with laptops. (Source: USA Today)"

From Internet to a Cell Phone Addiction - here we go again ;)

From the CTIA Newswire: "Studies from around the world are suggesting people are addicted to their wireless phones. A Korean study found that nearly one-third of high school students showed signs of paranoia when they were without their phones and two-thirds were constantly worried about missing a text message when their phones were off. A British study concluded that people are intimately connected with their wireless phones and see them as essential items and extensions of themselves. A professor at Rutgers University asked his 220 students to shut off their wireless phones for three days. Only three of the students completed the assignment. A professor of psychology at Boston College suggests some consumers have a wireless phone addiction and should put themselves on a quota system so as not to become too dependant on the device. (Source: Chicago Tribune)"

I am off to find the actual papers on the subject. I suspect someone from the school of communications at Rutgers to be the "professor at Rutgers University" so this should be relatively easy to find.

Lets start with looking at Chicago Tribune articles themselves.
Chicago Tribune seems to dislike cell phones and like sensationalism. Here is the source article for the newswire summary: When Cellphone love becomes hang-up by Cynthia Hubert.
The article talks about cell phone use as an addiction and users displaying signs of paranoia when without access to their phone. "Dependence on electronic devices is hardly limited to cell phones, said Bill Lampton, a communications specialist and author in Georgia. Electronic mail, he said, is equally addictive." Yes the topic of Internet addiction is still alive and well. I've posted links to this before here, here, and here. Obviously, the step towards extending the concept to all electronic devices is not far off.

One of the more entertaining concepts in this article is that of a cell phone as a "contemporary pacifier" Meaning, "as long as we're holding it, we don't show signs of unrest." Towards the end, the pundits interviewed for the article announce that the "society as a whole has created a dependency." Then there is a wimpy call to action: " "We need some voices out there to tell people to be cautious," Chaparro said. "It's not about stopping progress. It's about making people realize there are other ways to interact." Right... and before the cell phone we never used anything like it to interact... As teenagers, our parents never yelled at us for spending hours on the phone? Nobody ever broke down to get a second land line because the first was always taken either by mom or daughter and they had hot fights over who was to use it just then. Then we went and got cell phones and created an addiction.. hrm.

While the first article doesn't dwell on the questions of why, there are others that do. Here is one: Don't hang up! written by Louis Rene Beres from Purdue university. The author suggests that the cell phone perpetuates a "much more than reasonable need to remain connected" because talking on the phone makes us feel better, more important, less lonely. It's all about us, right? Chanelling Goffman, I would argue the idea of "reasonable" in a culture where being alone and idle in a public space is not exactly kosher is a little bit strange. You mean, we have found a way to deal with the socially awkward situation of being alone in a public space without a purpose and this is "more than reasonable?" hmmm... now lets be reasonable. The article quotes Freud, Nietzsche and T.S. Eliot and suggests that we have slid further down the slippery slope of hyper-individualism. This is less cultural critique than fiction, but entertaining none the less. Mr. Beres doesn't use a cell phone himself in defiance to cultural pressure I suppose. He would probably quickly endorse the idea of addiction... hmm... next?

So cell phones are addictive and they are making us want to be connected "more than reasonable". Watch out you cell phone users, it's a technology as evil as the Internet, it will erase increase your herd mentality and make you anxious when you can't use your phone. Are things really that extreme? I doubt it, but I am off to search for those papers now.

Wi-Fi Users as new coffee house problems

Some Cafe Owners Pull the Plug on Lingering Wi-Fi Users - New York Times - this article deals with an increase in laptop users at coffee shops. Some proprietors find laptops users a good addition to the population found in their coffee shops, others say they are "distracting" and bad business. Small coffee shop owners want their patrons to interact and to produce human noise and laptop users do not do that. I wonder, however, how much of this has to do with seeing a "community" coalesce around a coffee shop and how much is about selling more coffee and cookies?

Part of me wants to argue that the current backlash at wi-fi users in some places is simply a common over-reaction to a new use of technology and the social and economic effects that come with it. Of course, there is the problem of the wifi users staying long, buying little and simply taking up space without making it hospitable. Surprise, simply harrassing those customers by telling them they are taking up space and not buying anything ends up in "uncomfortable" interactions. Asking them whether they would like something to drink or eat at ever more increasing intervals, however, works better. The latter requires effort from staff though. I think there must be something to the social expectations of coffee-shop behavior and just how much one is expected to buy there. In most places, not much actually and it feels odd coming up to the counter more than once or twice in the course of several hours. Someone bringing food or drinks to the table though, makes this problem go away. However, simple presence of wait staff in an establishment is actually very good at deterring laptop use there, making it rather uncomfortable in itself (some breach of social etiquette happens there in the interaction between the patron and the wait staff).

I wonder though, where the concepts of coffee and tea houses started (coffee houses are native to places like Vienna, while tea houses originated in Asia and were picked up in Russia for a while). The two establishments had some similarities and differences in how the social script of their appropriate use was developed of course.

It's been long enough since I've read about this (a decade at least I think) so my memory may be shaky, but here are a few things that I "think" I remember: Vienna coffee houses were places for the breeding of dissent at the end of the 19th century, where exhiled revolutionaries mingled with artists and writers, working and discussing politics. Russian tea houses were places for social moments, dates, intimate discussions, while Asian tea houses were places of tradition and ceremony as well as places to meet and discuss politics, work, social instances.

The nature of the Vienna coffee house actually allowed (and still does) easy working alone, sitting alone at a table for hours, drinking coffee, eating pastries and working. Sometimes engaging in conversations with other patrons one knew, who also were most likely there to work, write, read and, sometimes discuss. The way such a place is run, however, is radically different from a US version of a coffee house - small tables, really quick waitresses who will bring your coffee and initial pastry and then leave you alone for an hour or so, coming back around infrequently but with insistence. Food and drinks are ordered quickly, paid for immediately, space essentially rented. Nobody ever would ask you to leave because you aren't buying anything, but they will make it extremely easy to spend money.

There is always a question of why do people want to go do "work" at coffee houses - spaces that recently were perceived as mostly social. I suspect that people who spend a lot of time working alone (more of them now) may crave simple human companionship in the form of presence in the same space. Nobody will ask someone to "keep it down" in a coffee house. I would guess that people come to coffee houses to work for noise, for feeling like they are a part of something, even if peripheraly. If someone wants quiet, they could go to a library and such a criticism would be well placed in the context of a coffee house. Through controlling their lighting, coordinating power outlets and the design of the space itself, coffee house owners may actually be able to control the use of their space to a much greater extent than they seem to recognize in the NYT article.

Diet by cameraphone

From the CTIA newswire: "Report Examines Cameraphone Diet
A Washington Post report examines a new dieting service called MyFoodPhone, which uses cameraphones to document subscribers' intake and emails the results to dietitians for analysis and advice. The system then assigns the subscriber a dietitian that looks at each photo and offers comments on a personalized page at the company's Website on the nutritional value of the food as well as advice on improving overall diet. (Source: Washington Post)"

Latest numbers for wireless penetration in the US

From the CTIA Newswire: "According to a Barron's Online report, at the end of 2004, 62% of the U.S. population owned wireless phones. Wireless carriers reported the best first quarter ever in 2005, adding 6.6 million wireless subscribers in the quarter at 64% penetration. Additionally, Barron's Online reported the trend toward family plans will drive postpaid uptake rates and offer the possibility of higher profits. (Source: Barron's Online)"

In the U.K., Study Finds One in Five Bullied Via Wireless Phone

"According to a U.K. study by children's charity group NCH, one in five young people have been bullied via wireless phones or the Internet. The study found 14% of 11 to 19 year-olds had been threatened or harassed using text messages. Bullies used images taken with cameraphones to intimidate or embarrass one in 10 young people. The findings follow reports of 'happy slapping' attacks where assaults are recorded on wireless phones and sent via video messaging. (Source: BBC News)"

The question is - who is to blame, the mobile phone or the tendency of children to bully each other? There is a confluence of technology that makes certain behavior easier and more effective and the goals of the users of such technology that actually do not change, just become easier to achieve. It may be instructive to consider that bullying has been around for as long as there have been children. Children can be really cruel to each other as they learn adult lessons that way. It is possible to use technology to counteract bullying though, just the same. It simply has to become the goal of the adults around, those who are willing to use technology to further this goal. Or maybe things aren't so simple?

Seattle Leads with Most Wi-Fi Hotspots

From the CTIA newswire: "According to Intel's annual ranking, Seattle and San Francisco top the list for wireless Internet access in America. Seattle took the lead thanks to its abundance of Starbucks outlets, which offer wireless hotspots. San Francisco finished second, thanks to wireless hotspots at bars, convention centers, office parks and strip malls. (Source: Associated Press)"

Unfortunately, this list does not make a clear distinction of free vs. paid wireless. I am surprised Portland is not one of the top two, but the list may look very different if free wireless hot spots were differentiated from t-mobile/starbucks partnership hotspots.

Legislators Join with Coalition to End Double Tax in PA

From the CTIA NewsWire: "State Legislators, business owners, consumer groups and technology industry representatives gathered at the Capital Rotunda in Harrisburg, PA on Monday to push for a repeal of the state's double tax on wireless phone users. In addition to the 6% sales tax, Pennsylvania wireless users are subjected to a 5% gross receipts tax. At 19.05%, Pennsylvania has the eighth-highest wireless phone tax in the nation. Sen. Rob Wonderling and Rep. Mario Scavello have introduced legislation to repeal the gross receipts tax. 'This double-taxation harms the state’s economy and hinders our economic development efforts across the Commonwealth,' Sen. Wonderling said. 'The gross receipts tax is costing businesses and consumers as much as $225 million this year and the ripple effect will cost the state economy more than $370 million in wage losses.' Scavello added, 'The more a state taxes an industry, the less likely it is that they make the decision to locate in a state. Lower taxes encourage high-tech investments in Pennsylvania that will bring in jobs and lower the cost of doing business for many companies and governmental entities.' (Source: Politics PA, WGAL, Philadelphia Business Journal)"

Taxation is tricky - on one hand, more taxation provides more resources for state programs that take care of both the highway system and arts and eduaction. On the other hand, higher taxation scares away businesses, so there is lower job availability growth and, hence, residential decline. PA has notoriously been one of the worst states of business in certain areas. Pittsburgh is even worse due to its very strange taxation structure (no wonder they've had trouble attracting high tech and biotech business despite the attraction of universities and medical schools here). This little article makes some very interesting points in these tricky taxation decisions for the state.

You mobile annoys you? Throw it then!

From the CTIA NewsWire: "Germans are preparing to compete in the country's first wireless phone throwing championship. The individuals who throw their phones the greatest distance qualify for the world championships in Finland this August. The world record currently stands at 82.55 meters. (Source: Manila Times)" heeheheheehehe ;)

Northern Ireland Hearing Impaired Reach Emergency Services Via Wireless Phones

From the CTIA NewsWire: "A new text messaging service, developed by the Northern Ireland police in partnership with the Deaf Association of Northern Ireland and British Telecom, allows hearing impaired individuals to use their wireless phones to text the police in the event of an emergency, who in turn will contact the relevant emergency services - police, ambulance and fire and rescue. The service was created for people in the deaf and signing community who in the past may have found it difficult to communicate with the police and other emergency services. (Source: BBC News)"

This is one of those "well duh this makes total sense" innovations in the class of "why didn't I think of this". Hearing impaired individuals may have a hard time placing phone calls, but they can certainly read and text. Neat...

Sprint's Plans for Wireless

From the CTIA NewsWire: "A Washington Post report examines how Sprint Corp. plans to 'cut the cord' and focus on its wireless business. The company will relocate its corporate headquarters to Reston, VA upon merging with Nextel, forming the largest independent wireless carrier with no corporate ties to wireline companies. Sprint plans to partner with cable companies to offer alternate technologies replacing traditional wireline phone service and marketing bundles of entertainment and communications services, such as Internet-based phone service, high speed Internet connections and television and music via wireless phones. A new advertising campaign will encourage customers to 'cut the cord' on wireline service and use only wireless. The company will also spend nearly $3 billion on its network to improve wireless coverage in buildings. Finally, the company is developing a wireless phone hybrid complete with built-in Wi-Fi technology, allowing users to make calls over an Internet-phone at home and over the wireless network when away from home. (Source: Washington Post)"

As wireless communications develop, this move to encourage customers to "cut eh chord" will become more frequent and probably mostly accepted. What is interesting is Sprint's focus on improving fucntionality in buildings. One of the most common complaints for wireless customers is that their wireless phones cease functioning under layers of concrete and become extremely unreliable. We have grown to rely on phone communication and the steadfast stability of the wireline phone, independent of dead batteries and concrete surroundings is going to be hard to beat. I am interested to see whether the Sprint ad campaign will pay off... People do often drop landlines, but some try to bring them back as they realize a loss of certain social aspects of the wireline phone that is absent with a mobile. The individuation of communication can have very interesting effects on hoursholds. This is rarely a problem for those who live alone of course.

United Airlines Approved for In-Flight Internet Service

The New York Times > Technology > United Airlines Approved for In-Flight Internet Service - hmmm remember the last time you had to turn off your network card to use your computer inflight? Well you don't have to anymore. Somehow, I think this is a little evil - more time to waste on the computer, less of a forcing function to get things done... for me. Then again, most people don't need forcing functions. yay for wireless I guess? Less talking to strangers that way... hmmm.

Apple Plans to Switch From I.B.M. to Intel for Chips

The New York Times > Technology > Apple Plans to Switch From I.B.M. to Intel for Chips - Earthquake size shifts in the world of technology with Apple shifting to Intel and Microsoft to IBM. Like the two heavyweights they keep switching the corners of the ring as they circle each other. There will be no fight of course, just a wearing down... Apple, I feel is poised to make something interesting though because it seems to be a more flexible company than Microsoft. On the other hand, Microsoft puts enough money into open research (not just closed R&D) that it attracts some of the best academic minds to come up with good ideas for it. Apple, on the other hand, keeps quiet as it always had, but I wonder whether that turns a lot of people away. In either case, looks like Intel employees will be getting powerbooks soon ;).

Financial Aid Rules for College Change, and Families Pay More - New York Times

In view of the nation's state of employment opportunities and greater demand for college education even for lower paying jobs, why don't we just go and change the financial support structure to make sure fewer low income families can afford sending their children to college. Some quotes from the New York Times are illustrative:

Financial Aid Rules for College Change, and Families Pay More - New York Times: "Taken together, these changes, some based on overly optimistic predictions of inflation, have required families to count a greater share of their incomes and assets toward college expenses before becoming eligible for financial aid. As a consequence, tens of thousands of low-income students will no longer be eligible for federal grants; middle-class families are digging deeper into their savings; and some colleges are putting up their own money to make up the difference.

'This is not what we intended,' said Joe Paul Case, the financial aid director at Amherst College, in Massachusetts, who helped develop the formula that the government now uses for the bulk of the nation's students. 'There is certainly more duress than we had in mind.'"

Of course, this is certainly not what was intended, so the administration has hurried to "fix" things for the next year:
"Some economists consider the administration's economic assumptions deeply flawed. The department's estimates for inflation were, in fact, far enough off that it has now revised the formula it will use for the 2006-2007 school year, much to the benefit of families with assets. But the latest round of changes will not help parents in the coming school year."

Need a change? well why not help families WITH assets because who cares about the ones without? I am sure it makes sense - the poor are already poor it's the not quite poor yet that need help... ahem, ok... If there is anything in this country that I think everyone should have an opportunity for, its education. Because regardless of their background, people with higher levels of education are less likely to commit crime, better capable of economic growth, more likely to cross class lines, more likely to be more tolerant and open to ideas. So... well, why don't we just cut that opportunity right off for families that are too poor. Who cares about them anyway?

I am not being fair. The article clearly states that all families have been hit hard with these changes (assets or not). The Department of Education has been trying to cut costs, and where best to cut if not in Pell grants - just reconsider how to count assets into "what families can rely on to pay for college". Congress and the department had beenfighting on this point for a while. A slightly more drastic measure was blocked by congress in 2003 but (maybe because it got more republican recently) congress has made allowances and concessions this year.

"Still, some college officials say the hand-wringing is unwarranted. Whatever the changes to financial aid, they say, students as a whole have rarely stopped pursuing degrees and college attendance rates remain high nationally."
Of course, they will just pay more, or just the most disadvantaged will fall out of favor or not maybe just those, those that fall between the most disadvantaged and those with just enough money. Regardless, education getting more expensive in this country is wrong, simply wrong.

"What the changes will probably do, many university officials and parents contend, is have a disproportionate impact on middle-class families, especially when it comes to tapping their assets.

"For the middle class, it means greater pressure put upon them to cobble together college funding at schools that are becoming increasingly expensive," said James Boyle, president of College Parents of America, an advocacy group. "It's another middle-class squeeze.""

Another in a series this administration has put together. And the lovely generalization of "students as a whole" or "nationwide" tends to ignore the problem at hand - these new rules are demanding more for education from a subset of the population that is rarely capable of paying the price because its so damn steep. Education should be affordable if not free, because it's so damn important to survival. This administration, however, seems to think otherwise. Big surprise.

Concerns at A.C.L.U. Over Document Shredding

Concerns at A.C.L.U. Over Document Shredding - New York Times. Last week, the annual ACLU membership letter came in the mail. For the first time in years, I didn't even open it. This is sad. Sad because I've been a supporter of this organization for years. Sad because it illustrates just how fragile we all are under the pressure of digitizing and the allure of the data-glut. Six months ago ACLU was caught trying to collect a large amount of information on their donors in order to "make their donation requests more efficient" - i.e. they wanted to know who to go to when they needed to beg for large sums of money. Somehow, this just doesn't sound good when we are talking about the organization that touts its horn about privacy on a daily basis. Now this shredding business as the last in a series of screw ups... It's hard to know what to do really... I would like to trust ACLU as at least one of the few organizations that puts honesty and integrity at the top of the list of its values. Trust is a tough thing to gain though, especially if its foundations have been shaken... Sad

What eBay Could Learn From Craigslist

What eBay Could Learn From Craigslist - New York Times - this is a little ode to Craigslist - well deserved as always ;).

Play It Again, Vladimir (via Computer)

Play It Again, Vladimir (via Computer) - New York Times - this article talks about a really cool technology - attempting to build machine learning (AI) models of piano players playing piano and then reproducing their style by having an AI piano play other pieces in their style. The project started out by trying to revive old recordings not simply remastering them, but recreating them on modern equipment - that is, recreating how the old masters would have played them on modern equipment. The main example in this article is Alfred Cortot's Chopin's Prelude in G (an absolute marvel of a piece). Dr John Walker, a software engineer with classical piano training, has created a technology that re-creates old recordings as live performances (fit for a concert hall). His technology is a piano, or rather, a Disklavier, which is a player piano (one of those automatic pianos) that can replay preformances when you put a CD into a slot above the keyboard. The piano "turing" competition is on - soon we will have Horowitz playing in competition with the Disklavier just like Kasparov played against Deep Blue to prove human ability can extend beyond the mechanical.. or maybe not ;)

Wireless technologies and health-related applications

These snippets from the CTIA NewsWire are simply in the "neat!" category:

"Zarlink Semiconductor unveiled a chip for medical devices that allows doctors to monitor a patient's pacemaker or control a diabetic's insulin dosage via wireless technology. The chip is designed for in-body communication systems, which wirelessly links implanted devices via base stations to a doctor or hospital. (Source: Reuters)"

"The southern Spanish region of Andalucia plans to send text messages to residents sensitive to high temperatures warning them of hot spells, according to health officials. Health officials plan to target the elderly, as well as parents with children under four years old. (Source: AFP)"

Roadside Call Boxes Disappear as Wireless Phone Use Increases

From CTIA newswire: "Roadside call boxes that at one time helped stranded drivers call for assistance are slowly disappearing as wireless phone use increases. Rhode Island disposed of its 284 call boxes in 2004 while Pennsylvania removed 102 call boxes. Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Louisiana are also considering scrapping them due to drivers dependence on their wireless phones for safety and the high costs involved in maintaining the boxes. (Source: USA Today)"

As a particular technology offers cheaper ways for providing a similar service, companies and governments naturally make decisions that limit the use of older technology. In this case its often useful to consider just who it is that is most likely to use the new technology and who will be affected by the demise of the old technology most? In this case, I suspect that the older generation of drivers and the poor class of drivers will be less likely to carry a cell phone with them in case of emergency. It can be argued that many other drivers around them will have a cell phone, but the crucial question is: who will stop to help? As call boxes disappear, there is a subgroup of drivers that will naturally be negatively affected. Luckily, accidents are not nearly as common as they may seem and its the younger people with faster cars and lack of fear that are more likely to be in a situation needing to call for help. Still... Considering that large proportions of Pennsylvania are populated with older populations, I wonder how this kind of reasoning went.

Send us email so that we can ignore you better...

From the CTIA newswire: "According to a Wall Street Journal report, many companies are asking customers to send emails rather than calling customer service. According to the Customer Respect Group, a consulting company that tests these systems, more than 25% of the emails consumers send are ignored altogether. The Wall Street Journal conducted a test of five various industries. According to the test, Cingular Wireless was by far the best, sending a detailed response within 27 minutes. (Source: Wall Street Journal)"

Proliferation of digital communication has had some interesting side effects. All of us have been guilty of pretending to not receive an email and ignore communications from some of our contacts, preferring them to others. With email inboxes being assaulted with large quantities of spam, it is curious that many companies add to their email traffic by switching from call centers to email processing centers. Granted, processing email is FAR cheaper than dealing with a call center and an irritated customer has time to cool off and can not ask to speak to the manager immediately. Of course, email can also be ignored and not answered. The same can not be said for a phone call. I've noticed that many company websites make it exceedingly difficult to find the phone number to call, pointing all communications to ubiquitous email addresses and "feedback" forms. Does this mean that companies now can skim off customer service as well, providing worse customer service at a fraction of the price?

Authorities Trace Signal to Save Boaters

"In the U.K., two people were rescued off the Essex coast after the coastguard traced an emergency call from their wireless phone. A major air and sea search was launched after the pair called emergency officials. Authorities were able to trace the signal from their wireless phone to locate and rescue the boaters. (Source: BBC News)"

From the CTIA Newswire. The american provision for all phones to be "911 enabled" essentially made every single one of our phones a beacon of our location and position available to rescue and law enforcement at a moments notice. Several papers at the ICA conference lamented this fact and pointed out the privacy issues related to this technology as it is marketed from the point of view of safety, with its unnerving surveillance aspect concealed behind an enforced hysteria. Yet, its examples like the one above, that keep lending credence to the logic of the "911 enabled" phone. I do not disagree that such a function is necessary. I just wish I was given a choice on whether to use it or not.

Report Examines Wireless Phone Use in Flight

"According to a CNet News report, comments filed with the Federal Communications Commission suggest there may be an agreement to relax the rules banning wireless phone use on commercial flights. The report examines questions and answers focusing on when the rules will be relaxed, the technology that will allow it and why there currently is a ban. (Source: CNet News)"

From the CTIA newswire, this article does a really nice job impassively describing the current issues with allowing cell phone use on airplanes. Personally, I actually really enjoy the enforced rule of no phones on planes as it gives me an excellent excuse not to call anyone and spend however many hours doing work, sleeping, reading, watching movies - a perfectly excusable absence from the social sphere that is my phone. Planes also tend to be very cramped spaces. Just imagine sitting next to someone who manages to spend most of the flight chatting away on their phone. That's continuous conversation next to you ear... I suspect this may be rather irritating. Another aspect of being allowed to use phones on the plane is the social expectation of the use of idle time. If my friends and family know that I am about to spend 2-5 hours on the plane, they may construe this as "idle time" when i am available for conversation. Such social expectations would keep me from turning off my phone as such an act is often construed as "agressive". So... they think they can call me and there goes my nap... hmmm... sometimes, quiet spaces are necessary.

Electronic Arts Launches Mobile Gaming

"Electronic Arts announced it will team up with Qualcomm to launch its video games on wireless phones. The company aims to launch 15 to 20 games in 2005. (Source: Dow Jones Newswire)"

From the CTIA newswire - games are coming to a phone near you, produced by the Electronic Arts drones. The enormous, largely empty EA building on the Playa Del Ray - a green block of glass with a gorgeous view, apparently houses many of the EA programmers who build cubicle walls in such a way as to avoid seeing the wall-sized windows in fear that their precious computer screens will reflect too much light and they may have to actually spend time somewhere where there is more natural than artificial lighting. The said building also includes a gym, a soccer field and other trappings of a space that expects its inhabitants to live there and attempts to compensate for the damage done to their sitting bones by Aero chairs. In other news, EA is considering several university partnerships for some very interesting research.

States Continue to Add Laws Banning Wireless Use by Drivers

"Across the U.S. more laws are being adopted restricting the use of wireless phones by drivers. Colorado, Delaware, Maryland and Tennessee banned wireless phone use by young drivers. Chicago, New York, New Jersey and Washington D.C. have banned all drivers from using wireless handheld phones. However, according to the Governors Highway Safety Association, it's difficult to create these laws. 'You can't have a law for every distracting behavior behind the wheel,' says Jonathan Adkins, spokesman for the Governors Highway Safety Association. 'You're not going to ban eating or talking to your kids.' (Source: USA Today 1, USA Today 2)"

From the CTIA newswire - more states continue jumping on the bandwagon. I must admit that this one seems like an easy - "look we ARE doing something" - scapegoat for legislature. On the other hand, this helps the hands-free market and maybe encourages people to use the handsfree option and keeping their hands on the wheel. Regardless, the most distracting thing about using cell phones is actually talking (or texting) on them. The action of holding them is far less distracting. Banning talking is far harder though and if we were to, we would have to ban eating and putting make up on as well. Commuters will object ;)

Prepaid Wireless Services Continue to Grow

"Prepaid wireless service, once viewed as cheap-o status with bulky handsets, is becoming the next big wireless thing, according to a Washington Post report. Prepaid users account for 10% of the 182 million U.S. wireless users. The appeal to prepaid wireless services is that it requires no long-term contract and there is no credit check. The service, which primarily targets people between 13 and 24 years old, is growing at an annual rate of 25% to 30%, outpacing the wireless industry's overall growth rate of approximately 5%. (Source: Washington Post)"

From the CTIA newswire, this piece of news is very entertaining. It has taken nearly 5 years for the pay-as-you-go service to take off. There were many reasons for this slow take off, pricing structure and service structure limitations were one, failing to target the right market (teenagers) was another. In order to be popular with this market, the phone companies had to realize that they need to provide better looking, smaller, more modern handsets and provide a pricing structure that would allow teenagers who do not have credit cards (being too young or too poor for them) are able to obtain the phone and can afford to maintain it. When these two conditions were reached over the course of the last three years with services from t-Mobile, TracFone, Virgin Mobile, Cingular, Liberty wireless, Venture Mobile and Boost Mobile from Nextel. Boost was actually quite difficult to track down because there doesn't seem to be a link from the main Nextel site to the service and none of the known prepaid wireless carriers refer to it. The website, however, states they have just gone nationwide.

If you look at each of the above websites, it is striking how specific each market segment is staked out. Boost wireless and Virgin Mobile are obviously targeting teenagers, but of a very different background. Liberty and Venture target european visitors and business people that need a cheaper option. While TracFone, Cingular and t-Mobile also target teenagers, t-Mobile and Cingular are also clearly banking on the travel market due to their international market appeal. I know that Verizon Wireless also has a pay-as-you-go subscription, but it is not a focus of their business and they do not advertise it as heavily as other carriers.

Loosing Google's Lock on the Past - gaming Google

Loosing Google's Lock on the Past - New York Times - this article deals with... surprise... "googling", but in a way that is very entertaining. With the advent of digital information we have gained an interesting aspect to our selves - a digital shadow of our past digital actions that remains regardless of our own desires to forget and move on. Attempts to change this shadow, removing its parts and pieces, can be fruitless at best and somewhat frustrating. Stephanie Rosenbloom suggests "going with the flow" rather than trying to remove these unwanted pieces of the past. "Bury them" she suggests. Creating a digital persona of yourself and tending to it so that it represents an image that is agreeable, however, takes time and effort. One must create blogs and personal web pages and make sure that enough people link to them in order to play the "Google" game of page rank. It is, however, possible to maintain an image of yourself that comes up "first" when you are googled and answers the questions of strangers in the way you want them answered. This, of course, operates under the assumption that most people are too lazy to click beyond the first few links when they find what they wanted right away. Not a bad assumption I think. So... embarassed about your "Google profile"? Dislike certain photographs or find old references to you disagreable? Don't waste you time calling Google or writing them email. Instead, get to work on the image of yourself you want people to find first! Then hope they won't go looking any further. Most probably won't.

On a side note, I'd never realized that the process Google uses is similar to what we call Power centrality calculations in social network analysis. At least a certain form of it. This is different from the crude version of a search engine that I'd had to build for an undergrad programming class years ago. Funny, now that I know social network analysis a little bit, it seems so much more efficient and obvious as an idea.

Interaction-Design.org - A site about HCI, Usability, UI Design, User Experience, Information Architecture and more..

Interaction-Design.org - A site about HCI, Usability, UI Design, User Experience, Information Architecture and more.. - this site is an HCI-keywords project. Interesting approach (feeling a little scooped;).

A site with a similar purpose was created by folks at the university of chicago as well - Chicago School of Media Theory

The New York Times > Technology > At This Restaurant, the Video Games Come With the Meal

The New York Times > Technology > At This Restaurant, the Video Games Come With the Meal: "Nolan K. Bushnell, the creator of the Pong video game and founder of the Chuck E. Cheese restaurant chain, is innovating again. He is about to open a restaurant where the servers will have novel attributes: triple redundancy and backup batteries.

In this case, the servers will not be human waiters but powerful central computers that will record food orders and display video games that customers can play while they eat."

Hmm... I wonder what the food is going to be like... probably a version of Chuck E Cheese (sister company) junk food. After all, that would be consistent with the gaming stereotype - pizza anyone?

The New York Times > Technology > No Privacy in Your Cubicle? Try an Electronic Silencer

The New York Times > Technology > No Privacy in Your Cubicle? Try an Electronic Silencer Applied Minds is a little company that designs really neat technology. The silencer is a technology that allows people in open spaces to have private phone and face-to-face conversations, with others around them unable to overhear. Considering mounting concerns with sound pollution and the invasion of private life in public spaces via the cell phone, this little gizmo, once developed for cell phones, could change the social context of cell phone use. But I am getting ahead of things. For now, this is an office-use technology, designed for an open office or a phone conversation. It is designed with privacy in mind, and, at least from its description, it seems to have a good idea of what things should be like!

Cell phones in life&death situations...

"Migrant Uses Wireless Phone to Call 911 While Adrift at Sea
A migrant adrift at sea with 66 others used his wireless phone to call 911 and guide a U.S. helicopter to their boat. The emergency service was able to determine from signals given off by wireless phone towers where the call was coming from. Police relayed the phone call to the Coast Guard, which dispatched a helicopter and two cutters to rescue the 67 migrants. The man was able to guide the helicopter to their location by remaining on his wireless phone and telling officials when the helicopter sounded nearby. (Source: Associated Press) "

"Boy Uses Wireless Phone to Save Life
A 14-year-old boy in the U.K. used his wireless phone to save his life after receiving serious leg injuries in a motorbike accident on a mountaintop. The boy was suffering from hypothermia when police located him. According to police, if the boy had not had his wireless phone with him, they could have been dealing with a death. (Source: BBC News) "

"Student's Suspension Shortened
Following hundreds of angry phone calls and emails, school officials at an Army base city have reduced a suspension imposed on a student who wouldn't give up his wireless phone while talking to his mom, an Army sergeant serving in Iraq. The Muscogee County School District Board of Education, which serves Fort Benning, allows students to have wireless phones in school but not to use them during school hours. According to reports, the student was suspended for disorderly conduct after refusing to hand his wireless phone over to a teacher and cursing at the teacher. However, after an extraordinary amount of phone calls to school officials, the county lessened the amount of the student's suspension from 10 days, down to 3 days. (Source: CNN, Associated Press)"

Ability to be in contact essentially in the middle of nowhere can be a way to save a life or a way to get the son of an army sergeant in Iraq, suspended from school. In times of crisis, it is only the ability to contact that matters. At other times, however, inability to understand the context of the conversation partner can change the dynamics of the conversation, and, even put that partner in an uncomfortable position. As cell phones take telephone conversations from the well-established context of a home or an office to an anytime anywhere state, context becomes yet another variable in the "appropriate conversation" equation.

The Latest Rumbling in the Blogosphere: Questions About Ethics - New York Times

The Latest Rumbling in the Blogosphere: Questions About Ethics - New York Times - Over the last few years my blog-reading patterns have been changing every few months. I started by reading quite a few political blogs, then switched to an RSS feed, then uninstalled the RSS reader and quit reading most of the political blogs (although not all of them). The major reasons for the last change were several. The biggest two had to do with shameless advertising plugs inside posts that weren't even identified as such and common lack of distinction between opinion and fact. A few months ago there had been a number of discussion on whether bloggers were journalists or not. While in general I do not think most bloggers fit the bill of journalism, some of the high profile political commentators certainly do. The article in the NYT makes a good point - if you are going to yell at the "establishment" of traditional media for breaching rules of protocol, you better adhere to those rules yourself and with demonstrable devotion. Otherwise, what right do you have to criticize. There are a number of high profile bloggers that already do so, but I wonder if it's time for a and tags to come into being.

Australia Researches Use Wireless Phones to Monitor Depressed Teens

"Australian researchers plan to launch a wireless service aimed at monitoring adolescent depression and pick up warning signs of potentially suicidal behavior. Under the program, teens download specially-designed software on their wireless phones, which asks a series of questions twice a day to gauge youths' moods and susceptibility to depression. In the trial, the software will be installed on the wireless phones of 400 teenagers for 1 year. (Source: AFP) "

Hmm... ok, there are so many questions about this... I wonder whether they will find this program to be successful, or if answering questions about how they feel twice a day would drive these kids into even more depression? On the other hand, this is a way to harness the power of fidgeting - the free-in-between-time spaces, waiting for the bus, on a bus, walking, bored in class, etc... those times when anything is more interesting than the task at hand, maybe this particular task can fit into this kind of framework? I wonder though, about the veracity of responses. If someone is feeling suicidal, I doubt they would be willing to answer questions or answer them truthfully. Kids are not stupid and, after a while of answering same questions over and over, they may get good at making it seem they are better... it only takes a few answers that are slightly towards the "good" on the scale and those probably wouldn't be difficult to figure out. Of course, it is hard to say without knowing more details and AFP is not exactly forthcoming with them. Hopefully there will be an academic piece on this sometime soon.

The New York Times > Arts > Critic's Notebook: Dial-A-Poem Enters the Internet Age

The New York Times > Arts > Critic's Notebook: Dial-A-Poem Enters the Internet Age - what used to be the realm of the telephone for about 2 years has now been reincarnated in the form of a webpage where you can click on a selection. Ubuweb's Dial-A-Poem Poets website is a repository of history with a change of flavor and a shift of control. Where in 1969-1970, the caller put his ear in the hands of lady luck and listened to whatever it was that came through the receiver, the user these days, can click, select, close, reopen, click again and again and again. They are not even tied to a phone receiver, they can walk away, let friends listen in, make it a party or a private affair. The medium has changed, the affordances have shifted, the words, however are still there. Does their quality and their meaning change when conditions of their recital have changed so dramatically?

Yub.com - Meet. Hang. Shop. - unless the linguistic associations are just all wrong!

Yub.com - Meet. Hang. Shop. - is a new social network site powered by Buy.com. Not to be too inventive, the authors simply spelled the word "buy" backwards and came up with the word "yub"... The authors, by the way, live in Orange County, CA - an area that actually is pretty close to the third largest russian-speaking population in the US. Why is that important? Well... you see... the word.. "yub" means "fuck" in Russian. So then, all the other words with that root - "yubbing" and "yubbers" - put a ridiculous grin on my face (I happen to be Russian afterall). At first, I wondered - is this for real? is this a joke? No, it's not a joke. They have subscribers, they have ads (saying "yub" on national television).

The vision itself makes all the sense in the world - it's a virtual mall - making shopping online a social experience (and there we were afraid that Internet commerce was making shopping asocial). On "Yub"... umm right, well on "that site" there is a large map of a regular US mall, something you might see in any reasonably sized city in the US - with the big boxes, like Target and Linens'n'things taking up the big corners and the smaller retailers, like iTunes (separate from the big box of Apple), wine.com or Fossil in the spaces in between. It sort of does not really make that much sense - but I am assuming that the size of things reflects the amount of money a spot costs on the map - size, after all, matters even here.

the profile page of a regular "yubber".... ah... yeah regular "subscriber" (or fucker if you are russian), includes a space to share personal photos, information about things recently bought or wish lists, a "blog column" and other social-networky things that look like an odd cross between Friendster and myspace. It is also, supposedly a "safe" place where teens under 18 can hang out without being inundated by unsavory material (whatever this means). As someone interested in these kinds of affairs, I should get an account on this thing, explore it, see what it's about. Except I can't. There is something in me that protests very loudly to my voluntarily announcing myself a "yubber"...

Thailand Registers Prepaid Cards to Prevent Bombings

"Thailand has asked telecommunications agencies and wireless carriers to register all prepaid wireless phone users to prevent militants from using the devices to trigger bombs. All wireless carriers had agreed in principle to register SIM card purchasers' information, allowing the government to trace them. Since January 2004, more than 640 people have been killed, mostly from bomb blasts. (Source: AFP via CTIA newswire)"

I am not familiar with the process of obtaining a SIM card in Europe but in the UK, I remember having to register for the SIM card (not the phone). However, I have borrowed phones from my friends previously and charged them up with phone cards in different parts of Europe, without having to identify myself. I wonder whether this measure would actually do anything more than simply track the law-obiding citizens some more.

Kenyans Find Jobs Via Text Message

"In rural parts of Kenya, jobseekers travel long distances and pay expensive fees to access the Internet at cyber cafes. Kenyan company OneWorld International is offering a new text messaging service that advertise jobs and allows candidates to apply from their wireless phones. Wireless users with a Safaricom connection can receive text messages alerting them of job openings for 4 U.S. cents. (Source: Reuters)"

More and more examples of interesting wireless phone use has been cropping up in places where basic infrastructure of information spread and management is lacking. Wireless phones have been able to provide infrastructure that is more agile than it's wireline counterparts (and cheaper). What is even more interesting here, is the little susbtitution effect of SMS for ... Internet use! as long as the Internet is tied to wires, it is still less agile than SMS. Even wireless versions of the Internet have to be accessed using expensive, relatively fragile hardware. Phones win there too.

Indonesia Plans Alert System Via Text Messages

"Indonesia plans to use text messages to alert people of impending disasters predicted by early warning systems. The system would allow more than 80% of wireless users in a given area to be quickly informed of any impending natural disasters and would generate a rapid response from government officials. The Meteorology and Geophysics Agency will run the early warning system, as well as liaise with the media to ensure the messages are sent out as quickly as possible. (Source: AFP)"

Right after the recent tsunami disaster, there were a number of calls from technologists for the failure to produce technology that would have been able to avert this kind of disaster in countries that can not afford robust notification systems because of lack of infrastructure. Of course, such technology already exists in the form of wireless phones and instant messaging and could simply be piggy-backed for these purposes. Here is a first example of such an attempt. However, I remember seeing a while back that mobile phone penetration in Indonesia is about 8% of the population. Although before the tsunami disaster Research and Markets reported expectations of high growth of adoption and use it is unclear what the patterns are like now. While an SMS alert system is nice, it is important to keep in mind that at the moment it is likely to reach only about 8% of the population. However, if high growth in adoption and use of the phones is sustained (and this will depend on supporting rapid growth of wireless infrastructure), this is a reasonable approach. I wonder though, just how much information can be packed in to 128 characters? "tsunami coming, run?" In order to be useful, this kind of system would also need a hefty amount of education for the end users. Using this system for government officials may be a better solution but just how much time would a system like this provide for regular methods of notification in a given region?

Tetris Leads Wireless Game Charts

"According to the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), Tetris has led as the most popular game for the past year. ELSPA compiled wireless game data for the months March 2004 through February 2005. Tetris led the charts for eight months, other popular games were Namco's Pac-Man and Iomo's Pub Pool. (Source: BBC News)"

In 1985, Alexey Pazhitnov from Moscow created Tetris... and the rest is history. The tenacity of this game, the strength with which it holds on to "the most popular" monicker, is impressive. It's simple and yet incredibly complex and it is a wonderful brain teaser. Tetris rules again, now in a wireless world (phones are perfect for something this simple and entertaining). heheh go Russians!

Vatican Scrambles Wireless Phones for Conclave

"The Vatican announced a system has been set up to scramble any wireless communications between the Sistine Chapel and the outside world during the secret conclave that will elect the next pope. The step is an extra precaution, since cardinals as well as Vatican personnel, medical staff and others, have been sworn to secrecy ahead of the conclave. (Source: AFP)"

Although this is somewhat amusing, I think it brings up an interesting question of trust when barriers to some types of behaviors are lowered or largerly removed. The key, I think, is that although all of the Vatican personnel and the cardinals are sworn to secrecy, the scrambling is seen as an "extra layer" of protection (or paranoia). On the other hand, sending a short text message at the right moment can be done with little or no detection even in a process as stylized as the conclave. So... the very ability to do that makes the stakes rather different - with the risk of detection lower, natural tendencies towards self-preservation are easier to overcome and it seems that the Vatican is sending an implicit message (which I do not think they intended to send): principles and promises only go so far even among the men of the cloth and those that serve them. Of course, there is always the fear of using cell phones as recording and transmitting devices with the carriers of the phones themselves unawares of such function... conspiracy theories abound.

Email Regarding Telemarketers Contacting Wireless Phones is a Hoax

"According to regulators and consumer groups, emails warning consumers that telemarketers will soon start calling wireless phones are either part of a hoax or a misunderstanding by those who sent the messages. It is illegal to make sales pitches to wireless phones using automatic dialers, which is how telemarketing calls are placed. The emails appear to stem from plans by wireless carriers to launch a wireless 411 service for wireless phone numbers. The wireless 411 service would only include the phone numbers of subscribers who opt-in to the service and those phone numbers would not be shared with telemarketers. (Source: USA Today)"

The New York Times > Arts > Art & Design > A Graffiti Legend Is Back on the Street

The New York Times > Arts > Art & Design > A Graffiti Legend Is Back on the Street - Graffiti artist Revs is back, but in metal now. This is really impressive, both for the tenacity with which he has held on to both his art and his relative obscurity in the world outside his art. It's an odd combination of artistic integrity and a virtual finger to the corruption and weirdness of the art-world. I wonder, however, as technology proliferates - camera-phones, sensors, surveillance cameras, can art of the kind Revs creates and covert "vandalism" - the kind that created him - survive? Will it have to mutate and morph into something different? Can it stay on subways and city streets?

Wireless Phones Aid Doctors

"In the U.K., wireless phones are being used by doctors at the Bristol Royal Infirmary to treat patients suffering from Cystic Fibrosis. The trial allows patients to monitor conditions at home and automatically send data to the hospital via wireless phones. Doctors hope the effort will lead to early diagnosis of chest infections and reduce the need for hospital treatment. Additionally, doctors believe the system may be used to treat other conditions. (Source: BBC News) "

More medical use of wireless phones. This is very interesting. Being unfamiliar with most things medical, I wonder why these trials happen only with very specific diseases (HVI, Cystic Fibrosis) andhow this selection is done. I also suspect that these kinds of uses of the technology are a bit far off in the US for fear of malpractice law suits (open to interpretation).

America's Youth are Top Wireless Phone Spenders

"According to research by U.K. based technology consortium Wireless World Forum, America's young people lead the world in spending on wireless phones. In the U.S. 50 million wireless phone users are younger than 25 and will collectively spend $20 billion on their wireless phones in 2005. Young American wireless subscribers spend more on wireless phone downloads, such as ringtones, music and games, than any other country, according to the research. (Source: Chicago Tribune)"

Although with some delay, US youth has caught up with the ultra-wireless europeans. Not only that though, they have surpassed the rest of the world in their spending on auxillary services such as ringontes, music, games, etc. Part of it may have to do with the incessant drive to individualize accesssoiries - that is stronger in this country than in most others. Part may have to do with the general level of tech-savvyness - american teenagers are ahead of teenagers in most other countries in the level of adoption and breadth of use of the Internet and other technology services. I am curious however, about the fact that they are not actually "calling" or "communicating" more, they spend more on individual services. There ought to be a story there somewhere I think...

Text Messaging Helps Monitor HIV Patients

"Cape Town University is using wireless phone text messaging to help South African HIV patients. The Cell Life project, run by researchers at the University of Cape Town, allows counselors to monitor HIV patients and send their information securely to researchers to track patients' progress. The service is quick, reliable and, most important for the cash-strapped, cheap. Each message costs only four cents to send. (Source: BBC News) "

Although this is an interesting use of technology (and aligns well with oodles of paper-proposals i just reviewed that have to do with health-related use of information communication technologies) I can't help but wonder how this may isolate the poorer populations of South Africa who are much more likely to share a phone with the rest of the family (or several families) rather than owning them individually (how many do not own cell phones either? although in South Africa penetration is far higher than in most other parts of Africa). Nevertheless, this is an interesting use of the technology and I wonder whether it will have a detectible impact on these patients and the progression of the disease.

GSS ProA - GSM Interceptor

GSS ProA - GSM Interceptor - but if you really want to intercept someone's communications, there is always a way. Sadly enough, a 15 minute Google search reveals technology for interception of both voice and text communications. However, these communications have to have occured between the two TARGETED mobiles in order for them to be "collected" by the GSM Interceptor. I still wonder whether there is a way to collect all SMS messages sent during a particular period of time in a region/country and go through them with something similar to what is used on e-mail communications. I wonder what the success hit-rate of such process be (and false positive/negatives) and how cost efficient it is. It seems that in a lot of countries with free-speech unfriendly regimes (that would be most of the current "developed" world I think) a lot of leverage has been gained by the underground movements through the use of SMS. To an extent this is surprising, but it does suggest a lack of tracking. I wonder whether this is realted to ability to track or simply oversight?

Short Message Service: What, How, and Where?

Short Message Service: What, How, and Where? This little page from about the year 2000 explains the basic process of SMS on a GSM network. The most interesting thing is that SMS is not a packet-based service (so you can't use a packet-sniffer to intercept the messages), it does however have an SMC (short message center) where all the messages are routed before delivery. So interception of SMS would require cooperaton of the wireless provider and a damn good text-recognition system which can deal with inherent irregularities of 180 character-limit of pure text. SMS uses a signalling channel rather than a dedicated channel to transmit the messages, which makes it possible to be sent/received simultaneously with other services (voice/data) on the same phone. Return receipts can track message sending. I still have to find out if there is a system out there to track SMS propagation for law enforcement purposes, however, this information suggests that it wouldn't be as easy as email for example.

The New York Times > Arts > Dance > A Dance and Its Digitized Echoes

The New York Times > Arts > Dance > A Dance and Its Digitized Echoes - This is so cool that my only regret is for not being able to actually see the work first hand. I have been a big fan of Trisha Brown's work and the idea of her collaborating with a bunch of techy's to create a "digitally-enhanced" performance is awesome. The idea of actually adding sensors on dancer's costumes and creating an artificial intelligence program that will respond to the input from the censors and create its own images dancing along the stage in response, sounds spectacular. It is also one of the bolder ways of using the new technology in an art that has been so profoundly human for ages. Incidentally, the humanness of the art is not lessened by the augmentations, but lifted to a new level, a new dimension. I want to see this!

Little pieces of text making revolutions

"Political Candidates Use Text Messaging to Spread Word
In some Arab countries, wireless text messaging has become a powerful underground channel of free speech. Many demonstrators use text messaging to mobilize followers, avoid authorities and move quickly to protest sites. Candidates in the region's limited elections use text messaging as a means to call supporters to the polls or secretly bash opposing candidates in countries that ban political groupings. (Source: Dow Jones Newswire) "

There is something to those 128 characters that seem virtually untraceable and so much more private than any other form of text-based communications (just remember to hit erase after reading a particular message). Are they? I do not know (although I should find out), but there is something to the instanteneity, convenience, low opportunity costs, that make text messaging such an asset in cultures where thunbs are fast and you don't need two hands for driving everywhere.

Are Wireless Phones Annoying or the People Using Them?

This was the vitally important quiestion CBS news asked today:
"According to a recent survey, eight out of ten people say wireless phones improve their lives. However, six in ten people view wireless phones as a major irritation. CBS News' The Early Show series Cellular Nation takes a look at wireless phone etiquette and questions whether it is the wireless phone that drives people crazy or the people using the phones. Topping the list of offenses are persistent ringing, loud conversations and the shock of all-too-personal information. (Source: CBS News):

A few years back there was a paper presented at Ubicomp (missing a reference right now) that illustrated that people's perceptions of what was and was not appropriate cell phone use changed dramatically as they adopted cell phones. In fact, things they abhorred earlier seemed perfectly normal to them when they go to do it. Of course you can talk in public, on a bus or in a cafe. Ring tones are actually cute, not annoying! It's the old story of changes in expectations. It is not the devices that are annoying, it is the people that are using them. However, these devices do create a set of affordances that change the way we navigate the world and balance our expectations of it with our needs. It is these changes that end up encroaching on our personal social spaces demanding adjustment. It is not, of course, all the people that are using these devices that are annoying. Only those people who are not us... There is no remedy for this one, unfortunately.

Center for Online and Internet Addiction - Help and Resource for Internet Addicts, Healthcare Professionals, and Corporations dealing with Internet ab

Well while I am at it, I should add a link to the current state of this research, just in case. Center for Online and Internet Addiction - Help and Resource for Internet Addicts, Healthcare Professionals, and Corporations dealing with Internet abuse. This is a link to an article by Kimberly Young on "what makes the Internet Addictive" (also from 1997). However, the rest of the site may have more up-to-date information.

What is "Normal" Internet Use?

What is "Normal" Internet Use? - another article on the same subject, written, by the looks of it, in 1997. Hmmm... 1997 was a big year for Internet addiction and classifications of "normal" use. Hmmm... at this point it is quite amusing to read these articles. A good cautionary tale for future research eh?

Internet addiction research.

In my search for something else, I stumbled on an article from 1997 describing research by Dr. Kimberly Young on Addiction, Posted on TechWeb . Suffice it to say that at the time, APA did not grant "disorder status" to Internet addiction despite what the article claims. There are many reasons why this particular research is somewhat flawed, although many agree that there is such a thing as "overuse". Just take a look at the questions at the bottom... :)

Company Wants Lampposts To Provide Wireless Access

"British company Last Mile Communications plans to provide high-speed wireless networks and location-based services using street lampposts. The company wants to not only make lampposts into wireless access points to the Internet but also install flash memory inside the lampposts and store information about local pubs, coffee shops and retail outlets. Last Mile is working with security company Qinetiq and expects trials at undisclosed locations later this year. (Source: CNet News)"

Hmm... I missed the "blog this!" button haven't I? well... last one for this morning, and it has to do with lampposts that will not only shed light in dark moments, but provide location based information and internet access to hapless travelers. I am not sure whether this is cool or just silly... but if this does work, this will do wonders for location-aware privacy-enabled services developed by Jason Hong's Placelab.

Schools Send Truancy Texts

"Parents in Scotland may soon receive unhappy text messages from their children's schools. Schools are beginning to send text messages to the phones of parents whose children have not showed up at school. Schools and parents are very supportive of the system. (Source: BBC News)"

Heh... I BET parents and schools are very supportive of the system. The overhead is appallingly small for the school administrators. The message can be received by any phone in Scotland regardless of where the parents are at the time. The amount of whoopass the kid will recieve is spectacular. Just another little moment of a change in perceptions of surveillance and connectedness. A small bend in the time/space conundrum and fewer kids enjoying self-imposed time-off from school. Some new life lessons will be learned and some will be missed. Go technology...

Choices and individuality

"New Rap Single Allows Users to Choose Ringtone Clip
A new first for the wireless industry – the new single "Baby" from rapper Fabolous will allow U.K. consumers to choose which part of the song they want to use as their wireless phone ringtone. The single, released by Warner's Atlantic Records, includes built-in software that lets listeners isolate any part of the song and put it onto their wireless phones. Previously, a music ringtone clip was pre-determined by record companies. Some analysts estimate the global ringtone market to be valued at more than $3 billion. (Source: Reuters)"

Choices are tricky. There are times when it is good to have fewer choics, others, when more choice is better. Wireless industry has been struggling with this idea for ages. Just how many options should a phone have? Or how much personalization capability? Nokia and Motorola, for example, have made very different decisions in this area (Nokia's phones are incredibly user friendly but there is far less personalization available in comparison with somewhat clunkier but much more flexible Motorola phones).

Whether or not it is good to allow choice and ability to individualize something, can be viewed from the point of view of differentiation of identity. Things like meals on the airline are not serious definitions of identity, which is why airline operators have figured out a long time ago - offering their passengers more food choices makes them less likely to actually pick anything. However, when it comes to individualization of something so tied to identity as a cell phone (a piece of technology always carried with us), it may be a good idea to allow consumers full reign over the choices of things like ring-tones. After all, in Europe and North America, individual expression is highly valued and ringtones often join in with the few clues to who a person is in a crowded public space. Your ring-tone may say as much about you as your choice of clothing or hair colour (fun thoughts for the high-self-monitor types).

A quote from one of my favorite movies symbolizes this drive for differntiation for me: "This snake skin jacket symbolizes my individuality and belief in personal freedom!" -- Sailor (Wild At Heart, by David Lynch)

Cingular Wireless and Verizon Wireless Agree to Share

"Cingular Wireless and Verizon Wireless agreed to allow their wireless subscribers to swap photo mails and other mixed-media messages with each other. The two carriers reportedly account for 93 million of the 180 million wireless subscribers. (Source: CNet News)"

In a brilliant move of foresight, the two wireless provider giants have finally decided to allow their customers exchange media messages. This follows the innovation of a several years ago, when the companies reached agreement to allow their customers exchange text messages. Recent reports on Verizon's site showed a serious slump in the use of the camera phones it offered. People bought the phones but few used the data services and 3G offerings that came with it. Even Verizon's effort to lock it's users of bluetooth phones out of the ability to transfer anything but the phone book via bluetooth, effectively forcing them to pay for the use of companie's data services anyway, did not help matters. It is concievable, that allowing customers of rival companies to exchange media messages would encourage more use of data services for camera phone users.

Seriously though, text messaging was a rare and largely unused and unadvertised cell phone utility for many years here in the US. However, several years ago, there was a large serge in both use and advertisement of the feature. This corresponded with At&T and Verizon reaching agreement to allow their users to text between providers. Why? Well, most people in this country select wireless phone providers less on what their friends use and more for convenience sake. Try texting once or twice to a friend, it doesn't work... why bother figuring out why? Limiting text messaging to just within provider quickly rendered the utility useless for many people. This largely unadvertized limitation put breaks on creating a critical mass of users that would have helped push for a wide adoption of the technology in the country. I am amused that it took Verizon and Cingular so long to realize that the same fate awaited media messaging unless there were to reach an agreement quickly.

Readers?

Over the last month or so I've discovered that there are actually people that read this blog. Quite honestly I was a little shocked. Now I am compelled to apologize for dropping the frequency with which I post lately. I've realized that this had to do with my switching from using Internet Explorer to using Firefox as the main browser. See, I initially started blogging because the Google Toolbar had this nifty little "blog this" button. This was, of course, under the pretense of - I simply need a convenient way to store links together with some ideas I have about them. Judging by the size and nature of my posts, this is not entirely the case, but hey...

Well, Firefox does not have this button and Google does not have the Toolbar for Firefox. Turns out, my blogging frequency was in large part dependent on my using the "blog this!" button. Go figure... However, there are a number of things I have been MEANING to write about. I am currently extremely busy, which means I will need forms of structured procrastination. Blogging is a form of such that I can do at work (cleaning is the one I do at home). So I promise more interesting tid bits on cell phones, all things mobile and all things new technology coming soon.

"Wireless Handset Manufacturers Focus on Design"

"Wireless handset manufacturers are finding new ways to make their wireless handsets sell. Some manufacturers opt for fashion and design, while others design wireless handsets that incorporate the newest technologies. According to research firm Gartner, wireless phone technology is beginning to stabilize, which forces manufacturers to consider other elements such as design. (Source: Reuters)"

There are wireless manufacturers who make stylish phones, cool looking phones, latest-gadget phones... Then there are wireless providers... who fuck with those phones.

I just found out that Verizon Wireless has introduced several bluetooth phones recently. However, in order to keep their revenue streams in order, they have disabled the ability to transfer files and pictures from the phone to another phone or a computer via bluetooth, forcing everyone to use the Verizon network and pay huge fees for data charges. In most areas where Verizon's high speed data networks do not exist, this is a painfully slow and ultra expensive process (regardless what Andrew Seibold might be saying). This little tweak has inspired several people I know to switch companies.

Verizon tends to be a bit of an evil money-monger. To my knowledge, they are the only company to charge their customers for incoming text messages regardless of the originators of these messages (apparently even if they are mis-sent or come from advertisers). Yes 2c per message is nothing... but it's a little more evil then that. When you buy the SMS-plan with 100-200 messages. The incoming messages count the same as outgoing messages, effectively making these plans much more expensive than the same plans at Cingular for example.

In fact, I now think Cingular is a much better choice (in terms of far friendlier customer service, better phones and more intelligent pricing structures) since the company merged with AT&T wireless and expanded their network, making it the largest network in the country. Of course, if you mainly travel in metropolitan areas and want really cheap data prices, go with T-Mobile. T-Mobile offers the most affordable data/voice package in the business right now (or at least this was the case 6 months ago).

I am curious, however, about Verizon and why the company is counting pennies at this rate. Will the users kick back and move to other providers or will that be too much of a pain? Of course, 2-year plans are insidious as they seem to go on forever, extending every time a minor change is made (without notification of the customer usually). I wonder... how long will it take for Verizon to feel the penny-pinching biting it in the ass? Or will the consumers sheep-along as usual?

Wireless Phones Become Fashionable

"Fashion designer Anna Sui announced the debut of the Anna Sui Mobile by Samsung. Sui designed the limited edition version of Samsung and T-Mobile's e315 camera phone. The wireless handset is purple with rosettes, a butterfly and a dangling charm. Samsung has collaborated with Vogue Magazine to launch the product in an 8-page advertising section of the magazine's March 2005 issue. (Source: The Mercury News) "

why thank you Mercury News for this little bit of revelation. Turns out, cell phones are becoming fashionable! Watch out! Have you been to Asia lately? Cell phones are fashionable and, even in the US, they have been jumping on the wave of not only "cool gadget" but also fashion.

This afternoon I was in a coffee shop when I noticed a teen-age girl at a table next to me chatting away on her phone, legs propped up on the chair across the table. Her companion, patiently waited for her to finish her call and drank his tea in silence. The girl was what one would typically expect from an american teenager - glittering lip gloss and hair in a pony tail, cheap shiny jewlery, cryptic words and numbers written on the back of her hand in blue ink. She was dressed in pink - pink top, pink and gray pants, sparkly pink sneakers, pink sweatshirt draped over the chair. In her hand she was holding a Motorola phone, equipped with a sparkling, baby-blue face-plate. The phone obviously did not come in this color, this was an accessoiry buy, which matched nearly perfectly with her outfit and manner. There was a little charm dangling off the strap-loop: a hello-kitty trinket. Everything was pastel and sparkling.

In San Francisco Chinatown you can get your phone engraved. It helps if the cover is of very hard shiny plastic or metal. You can get dragons and castles twining along the battery cover and framing the screen. It's a cheap job, but a friend of mine never mixes up her phone with anyone else. She also gets an impressive number of compliments. Same thing you might hear about a bracelet you wear or a particularily interesting watch.

A cell phone is an accessoiry... in view more often than many other things we wear that can be dictated by fashion. How can it just now "become" fashionable? Because Vogue said so?

While adults are lingering along the "fashion" path, accepting that their phones are personal items, similar in nature to watches or jewlery, teens picked this idea up so naturally, it's hard to imagine things ever being different.

The New York Times > Technology > Digital Rx: Take Two Aspirins and E-Mail Me in the Morning

In the Digital Rx: Take Two Aspirins and E-Mail Me in the Morning article, the New York Times describes adoption of email by both doctors and patients to communicate regarding minor health advice about existing problems, questions they may have about medication, etc. In fact, some health care providers encourage such interactions, paying doctors a near equivalent of an office visit. Doctors like it (and I can see why, most of them hate the office visits part of their job).

Use of the Internet for obtaining health information and support has been a topic of interest to research for several years now (although little has been written on this topic outside the support-group type literature). Of course, cutting down on the number of office visits may actually be beneficial because people can reduce potential exposure to negative elements and get sick less in the process. All of this sounds wonderful, but I wonder what provisions does HIPPA have for e-mail communication. I do remember having to sign a form at my doctor's office so that I could email him and request a drug refill. However, how long does this protection last? If a computer gets searched or hacked, what happens to this information? E-mail is very rarely encrypted (a bizzarre human behavior that some have been trying to explain for years), it is the equivalent of a postcard. Would you describe your medical condition on a postcard and send it in the mail? Probably not. So how can email be used in such a way where it will protect medical information while providing the convenience of such communication?

Technology has been implicated in many medicine-related uses in the news recently. Not too long ago Reuters reported on the use of camera-phones for making routine diagnosis of leg sores by Swiss doctors. Of course, such practice would never be accepted in the US (besides the fact that one does not really need to actually see the sores to make the right diagnosis, apparently). However, ability to transfer images and text may be an accepted use of technology for medicine soon (this may put at risk those of us, unfortunate enough to have exotic diseases masquarading as something else of course, but these are the chances we take). In a few years, not only would you be able to find others to ask questions about a particular symptom or disease, get emotional support from strangers, etc. You would also be able to ping your doctor about that refill he owes you, or whether it's time to switch the drug you are taking to something more or less potent. Digital age, here we come. So what happens to populations that do not have access to such technology for one reason or another? I suspect once the payment structure for such services is in place, doctors will put quite a bit of effort into encouraging this practice (they save time and don't actually have to chit-chat with their patients). The question, of course, remains, just how reliable will this system be, and how long until the first lawsuit.

The New York Times > New York Region > Romance Beckons (in Case You Missed It)

The New York Times > New York Region > Romance Beckons (in Case You Missed It) is a quirky little story about serendipity of love. Except this one involves craigslist and it's "missed connections" section. At the outset, I am tempted to discount this story, just like so many others, as nothing out of the ordinary. Well, it is out of the ordinary, but not unlike so many other similar instances of meetings in the airport, because the plane was delayed, in a bar, calling a number by mistake. People meet in a variety of different ways all the time. Sometimes these chance meetings turn into something more. Most of the time, they do not turn into anything more than a moment and a stranger that walks by. Statistically speaking the chance of something happening is low and is unlikely to be higher simply because you post in the craigslist "missed connections" section. Or is it?

Throughout my research and after actually talking to Craig Newmark on the phone, I realized that there is something to Craigslist. It is a community where people feel there are others like them. It is that place that succeeded in creating some serious social capital in a digital space and policy makers should be really taking a close look (of course they won't but that's another story). The point about craigslist is that people actually trust one another there, or at least are more likely to trust one another. They are also more likely to feel a minor sense of camaraderie simply because they are "in the know" about this "wonderous" place. After all, in SF, using craigslist is a sign of cool. So maybe, just maybe, the missed connections on craigslist actually ups the potential of a chance meeting. Not even the meeting itself, but, if the meeting were to occur, the possibility of it working out. Because there is something to it - a cohort of people, tied together by the same bizzarre interest in missed connections... the latent romantics are hiding on craigslist!

Ethics & Science

The following article in the New York Times talks about a Massachusetts Governor that opposes stem cell work on the basis of ethical considerations. Althought the article does point out the underlying theme of attitudes towards abortion that are mixed in with these ideas (the proponents of the bill to outlaw stem cell work also oppose abortion), there is something to the idea that ethics must figure into research agendas.

There are several reasons why ethics is often left on the fringes of the "cutting edge" of research, I think...
1. Ethics is hard to grasp without falling into dogmatic notions
2. Ethics imposes invisible boundaries
3. The principles put forward must be followed in all contexts in order for them to have the weight of validity

A lot of time, in advanced stages of research the sentiment is that we will worry about the "impacts" later, this is pure science. Except nothing is pure. Although it is impossible to predict down the road what impact a particular new theory, line of research or invention may have, it may be instructional and, ultimately, ethical, to attempt such prediction. I am not about to put forward personal attitudes towards stem cell research, simply because I do not know the context of that research and the technical details necessary to make such judgements. My thought, though, turn to HCI research that deals with various methods of surveillance and digitial technology that has been covertly helping its users build what Zook et al. (2004) aptly named "our digital shadows" that persist beyond the moment when the light is cast. The issues of disclosure, privacy and the right to be left alone have been sidestepped, or sometimes explicitly ignored as variables that add too much complexity to already difficult problems. I argue, however, that in refusing to consider these notions, we are building systems that do not consider these notions either, at their very base. Yes we can come up with bandaids and workarounds later, but if the base of the system does not consider these issues, none of the bandaids will work very well.

I think sometimes, science ignores the presence of ethics, gently side-stepping it in favor of progress under an argument that what is ethical now may become barbaric and unethical later and human notions are based far too much in the dogmatic tenets of current culture that prevent us from looking forward. On some level I agree with this argument. However, it may be good for technologists and scientists to consider what kind of world we are working towards, what are we trying to build, what kinds of outcomes are possible if we are right and if our research works and... would we be able to live with the worst of them? would the worst outcomes be a fair enough payment for the best outcomes? Who would be responsible?